Linux apt 命令434
Linux apt 命令
apt（Advanced Packaging Tool）是一个在 Debian 和 Ubuntu 中的 Shell 前端软件包管理器。
apt 命令提供了查找、安装、升级、删除某一个、一组甚至全部软件包的命令，而且命令简洁而又好记。
apt 命令执行需要超级管理员权限(root)。
apt 语法
apt [options] [command] [package ...]
- options：可选，选项包括 -h（帮助），-y（当安装过程提示选择全部为"yes"），-q（不显示安装的过程）等等。
- command：要进行的操作。
- package：安装的包名。
apt 常用命令
-
列出所有可更新的软件清单命令：sudo apt update
-
升级软件包：sudo apt upgrade
列出可更新的软件包及版本信息：apt list --upgradable
升级软件包，升级前先删除需要更新软件包：sudo apt full-upgrade
-
安装指定的软件命令：sudo apt install
安装多个软件包：sudo apt install
-
更新指定的软件命令：sudo apt update
-
显示软件包具体信息,例如：版本号，安装大小，依赖关系等等：sudo apt show
-
删除软件包命令：sudo apt remove
-
清理不再使用的依赖和库文件: sudo apt autoremove
-
移除软件包及配置文件: sudo apt purge
-
查找软件包命令： sudo apt search
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列出所有已安装的包：apt list --installed
-
列出所有已安装的包的版本信息：apt list --all-versions
实例
查看一些可更新的包：
sudo apt update
升级安装包：
sudo apt upgrade
在以上交互式输入字母 Y 即可开始升级。
可以将以下两个命令组合起来，一键升级：
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
安装 mplayer 包：
sudo apt install mplayer
如过不太记得完整的包名，我们可以只输入前半部分的包名，然后按下 Tab 键，会列出相关的包名：
以上实例我们输入来 reds，然后按下 Tab 键，输出来四个相关的包。
如果我们想安装一个软件包，但如果软件包已经存在，则不要升级它，可以使用 –no-upgrade 选项:
sudo apt install--no-upgrade
安装 mplayer 如果存在则不要升级：
sudo apt install mplayer --no-upgrade
